diff --git a/components/webauthn/android/BUILD.gn b/components/webauthn/android/BUILD.gn
index b6885d691036ef..18b4550f6ae4e9 100644
--- a/components/webauthn/android/BUILD.gn
+++ b/components/webauthn/android/BUILD.gn
@@ -205,6 +205,7 @@ source_set("unit_tests") {
 
 robolectric_library("junit") {
   sources = [
+    "junit/src/org/chromium/components/webauthn/AuthenticatorFactoryRobolectricTest.java",
     "junit/src/org/chromium/components/webauthn/AuthenticatorImplPasswordOnlyTest.java",
     "junit/src/org/chromium/components/webauthn/AuthenticatorImplTest.java",
     "junit/src/org/chromium/components/webauthn/BarrierTest.java",
diff --git a/components/webauthn/android/java/src/org/chromium/components/webauthn/AuthenticatorFactory.java b/components/webauthn/android/java/src/org/chromium/components/webauthn/AuthenticatorFactory.java
index 6769fb488450bd..ded920e810e2ff 100644
--- a/components/webauthn/android/java/src/org/chromium/components/webauthn/AuthenticatorFactory.java
+++ b/components/webauthn/android/java/src/org/chromium/components/webauthn/AuthenticatorFactory.java
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ import org.chromium.base.ContextUtils;
 import org.chromium.blink.mojom.Authenticator;
 import org.chromium.build.annotations.NullMarked;
 import org.chromium.build.annotations.Nullable;
+import org.chromium.content_public.browser.LifecycleState;
 import org.chromium.content_public.browser.RenderFrameHost;
 import org.chromium.content_public.browser.WebContents;
 import org.chromium.content_public.browser.WebContentsStatics;
@@ -32,7 +33,8 @@ public class AuthenticatorFactory implements InterfaceFactory<@Nullable Authenti
 
     @Override
     public @Nullable Authenticator createImpl() {
-        if (mRenderFrameHost == null) {
+        if (mRenderFrameHost == null
+                || mRenderFrameHost.getLifecycleState() != LifecycleState.ACTIVE) {
             return null;
         }
         WebContents webContents = WebContentsStatics.fromRenderFrameHost(mRenderFrameHost);
diff --git a/components/webauthn/android/junit/src/org/chromium/components/webauthn/AuthenticatorFactoryRobolectricTest.java b/components/webauthn/android/junit/src/org/chromium/components/webauthn/AuthenticatorFactoryRobolectricTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..7e697e6ea0756c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/components/webauthn/android/junit/src/org/chromium/components/webauthn/AuthenticatorFactoryRobolectricTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+// Copyright 2026 The Chromium Authors
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
+// found in the LICENSE file.
+
+package org.chromium.components.webauthn;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.any;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
+
+import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest;
+
+import org.junit.After;
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Rule;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+import org.mockito.Mock;
+import org.mockito.junit.MockitoJUnit;
+import org.mockito.junit.MockitoRule;
+import org.robolectric.annotation.Config;
+
+import org.chromium.base.test.BaseRobolectricTestRunner;
+import org.chromium.base.test.util.Batch;
+import org.chromium.content_public.browser.LifecycleState;
+import org.chromium.content_public.browser.RenderFrameHost;
+import org.chromium.content_public.browser.WebContents;
+import org.chromium.content_public.browser.WebContentsStatics;
+import org.chromium.url.GURL;
+import org.chromium.url.Origin;
+
+/** Tests for {@link AuthenticatorFactory}. */
+@RunWith(BaseRobolectricTestRunner.class)
+@Config(manifest = Config.NONE)
+@Batch(Batch.UNIT_TESTS)
+@SmallTest
+public class AuthenticatorFactoryRobolectricTest {
+    @Rule public MockitoRule mMockitoRule = MockitoJUnit.rule();
+
+    @Mock private RenderFrameHost mRenderFrameHost;
+    @Mock private RenderFrameHost mMainFrame;
+    @Mock private WebContents mWebContents;
+    @Mock private WebauthnModeProvider mModeProviderMock;
+
+    @Before
+    public void setUp() {
+        Origin origin = Origin.create(new GURL("https://example.com"));
+        when(mRenderFrameHost.getLifecycleState()).thenReturn(LifecycleState.ACTIVE);
+        when(mRenderFrameHost.getLastCommittedOrigin()).thenReturn(origin);
+        when(mMainFrame.getLastCommittedOrigin()).thenReturn(origin);
+        when(mWebContents.getMainFrame()).thenReturn(mMainFrame);
+        WebContentsStatics.setWebContentsForTesting(mWebContents);
+        WebauthnModeProvider.setInstanceForTesting(mModeProviderMock);
+        when(mModeProviderMock.getWebauthnMode(any())).thenReturn(WebauthnMode.CHROME);
+        when(mModeProviderMock.getGlobalWebauthnMode()).thenReturn(WebauthnMode.CHROME);
+    }
+
+    @After
+    public void tearDown() {
+        WebauthnModeProvider.setInstanceForTesting(null);
+    }
+
+    private AuthenticatorFactory createFactory(RenderFrameHost renderFrameHost) {
+        return new AuthenticatorFactory(renderFrameHost, /* confirmationFactory= */ null);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testCreateImpl_whenRenderFrameHostActive_returnsAuthenticator() {
+        assertThat(createFactory(mRenderFrameHost).createImpl())
+                .isInstanceOf(AuthenticatorImpl.class);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testCreateImpl_whenRenderFrameHostNull_returnsNull() {
+        assertThat(createFactory(null).createImpl()).isNull();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testCreateImpl_whenRenderFrameHostInBackForwardCache_returnsNull() {
+        when(mRenderFrameHost.getLifecycleState())
+                .thenReturn(LifecycleState.IN_BACK_FORWARD_CACHE);
+        assertThat(createFactory(mRenderFrameHost).createImpl()).isNull();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testCreateImpl_whenRenderFrameHostPendingDeletion_returnsNull() {
+        when(mRenderFrameHost.getLifecycleState()).thenReturn(LifecycleState.PENDING_DELETION);
+        assertThat(createFactory(mRenderFrameHost).createImpl()).isNull();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testCreateImpl_whenRenderFrameHostPrerendering_returnsNull() {
+        when(mRenderFrameHost.getLifecycleState()).thenReturn(LifecycleState.PRERENDERING);
+        assertThat(createFactory(mRenderFrameHost).createImpl()).isNull();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testCreateImpl_whenWebauthnModeNone_returnsNull() {
+        when(mModeProviderMock.getWebauthnMode(any())).thenReturn(WebauthnMode.NONE);
+        assertThat(createFactory(mRenderFrameHost).createImpl()).isNull();
+    }
+}